New regulation formalises process for seizure of assets of any armed group or individual, including Jaish-e-Muhammad.

Islamabad, Pakistan – The government of Pakistan has passed a regulation authorising the seizure of assets of armed groups that have been sanctioned by the United Nations and also enlisted under Pakistani domestic anti-terrorism laws.

“The objective of the UNSC (Freezing and Seizure) Order 2019 is to streamline the procedure for implementation of Security Council Sanctions against designated individuals and entities,” said Pakistan’s foreign ministry in a statement released on Monday.

The move follows an attack on an security forces convoy in Pulawama last month, that killed at least 42 people and also sparked a crisis that saw Indian and Pakistani jets bomb each others’ territory, with at least one Indian aircraft shot down and its pilot captured.

The pilot was later returned to India on Friday, with Pakistan hoping it would defuse the crisis to a degree.

The Jaish-e-Muhammad (JeM) group claimed responsibility for the attack and a top Indian general accused Pakistani intelligence services of “controlling” the attack.

JeM, a Pakistan-based armed group that targets Indian security forces in the disputed territory of Kashmir and elsewhere, was banned as a “terrorist” organisation under Pakistani law in 2002.

The UN said JeM has coordinated with the Afghan Taliban to target members of the US-led NATO military coalition in neighbouring Afghanistan, as well as with al-Qaeda.

“JeM has several hundred armed supporters located in [Pakistan-administered Kashmir], and in India’s southern [Indian-administered] Kashmir and Doda regions,” reads a UN summary of why the group was sanctioned in 2001.

“Supporters are mostly from Pakistan and Kashmir, but also include Afghans and Arab veterans of the Afghan war … JeM is based in Peshawar and Muzaffarabad, Pakistan, but members conduct terrorist activities primarily in Kashmir.”

Its chief, Masood Azhar, is not subject to UN sanctions, but appears on a Pakistani government list of “proscribed individuals”.

Other armed groups subject to the new measure include Lashkar-e-Tayyaba and its charitable arms Jamaat-ud-Dawa and Filah-e-Insaniyat Foundation (FIF).

FATF grey list

The passing of the regulation by Pakistan comes as the country has come under increasing pressure from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), a 38-member intergovernmental body that monitors and combats financing of armed groups and money laundering.

Last year, FATF downgraded Pakistan to its ‘grey list’, saying the country needed to take urgent measures to combat armed group funding or face being blacklisted.

Among other implications, FATF blacklisting would put barriers between Pakistan’s financial system and the international banking system.

Monday’s statement by Pakistan’s foreign ministry explicitly acknowledged that the new regulation had been “been formulated in line with UNSC [United Nations Security Council] and FATF standards”.

The new regulation formalises the methodology for seizing assets, including funds, moveable assets, bank deposits and property. It allows for those subject to the assets freeze to apply for exemptions based on “basic living” needs, in line with UN regulations.

UN sanctions require designated individuals and groups to be subject to an assets freeze, international travel ban and an arms embargo.

Pakistan has passed regulations similar to these measure in the past, with enlisted individuals often finding relief through the court system, challenging the freeze on the grounds of violating their fundamental rights.

Analysts say that for this measure to have any real impact, it will have to be passed by parliament, effectively amending the constitution to allow assets of Pakistani citizens to be seized based on international sanctions, regardless of any convictions in Pakistani courts.

“They pass these regulations whenever they want to action,” said Amir Rana, director at the Islamabad-based Pakistan Institute of Peace Studies (PIPS).

“They will have the same status as before, unless we will not have the proper legislation on these issues. They will get relief from the court.”